Women's Finances Need to Be Studied Separately From Men's

Due to getting married later, fewer couples getting married and divorce on the rise, women are spending fewer years married.

Due to women getting married later, fewer women getting married and, among those who do marry, an increase in divorce, women are spending fewer years married overall, according to the Center for Retirement Research at Boston College. 

“If women as a group now spend about half of their adult years unmarried, it probably makes sense to explore their savings and investment behavior separately from men,” the center says. “This change has significant implications for financial planning.”

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For the oldest cohort, those born between 1931 and 1941, 72% of women’s years between the ages of 20 and the last interview were spent married. Looking at mid-Boomers, i.e. those born between 1954 and 1959, the years spent married in that same timeframe had dropped to 54%. There is strong evidence to show that an individual’s marital status—especially an unexpected change in marital status—has a big impact on financial security over time. 

The reason why the number of years women are married has declined is because, among the oldest cohort, the average age that women got married was 21.4. For mid-Boomers, this has crept up to 24.3. Among the oldest cohort, 3.9% never married, and for mid-Boomers, this has risen to 12.2%. Just over one-third, 33.9%, of the oldest cohort divorced, and today, 49.3% of mid-Boomer women are divorced.

The Center for Retirement Research at Boston College’s report on this issue, “Do Women Still Spend Most of Their Lives Married?”, can be downloaded here.

Employers Eyeing Total Well Being Programs

In order to attract and retain top talent, employers are integrating benefits programs to address key issues.

Financial wellness is a hot topic in the employee benefits world, but it’s often hard to define and even harder to implement. Tom Woods, SVP of sales at Fidelity Investments, tells PLANSPONSOR that it is one component of a holistic benefits program that ultimately aims to improve the well-being of employees.

He says providers are bundling different offerings to target specific challenges employees may be facing including student debt, which currently stands at record levels. Moreover, studies show working adults are tapping into their retirement funds to pay for their children’s college expenses.

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“Five or 10 years ago, just talking about retirement was efficient,” Woods explains. “Now, employees want you to help with them with broader set of needs and in areas such as debt management and student loan repayment. Help on the front end of that so they’re not robbing their retirement.”

He adds that for “for those employees entering the workforce who have accumulated student debt, that’s the most challenging financial aspect of their life.” To address these needs, Woods suggests incorporating a student-loan management program into a total financial plan that takes into account savings and budgeting.

“Companies are starting to be very innovative in thinking about how they can offer student loan repayment programs as a benefit. For instance, we recently expanded our own benefits offerings to help new employees pay down student debt. It has been a very popular program, and it’s had interesting business results. It’s a contributing factor to reducing the amount of turnover. It’s been a very powerful retention tool.

In fact, some studies show employees value such programs even more than 401(k)s. And the issue of student debt is not an only a Millennial and Generation-X problem. Studies show this is even weighing down Baby Boomers and their capacity to save for retirement.

Another area Fidleity has seen employee interest in is health savings accounts (HSAs). According to an analysis of its own business, Fidelity reports that HSAs adoption rates stand at 21%, or four percentage points higher with younger employees in higher income brackets taking the lead. In addition, total HSA assets grew by 47% in 2016.  

Fidelity also cites an increased use of managed accounts. Woods says use is up 13% from 2016. Most use is among older, more affluent employees. Woods says most account holders are “individuals later in their career who have accumulated savings and are less comfortable managing it on their own. That’s where they reach out. But even younger employees who have busy lives and focus on things outside of work don’t have the will or time to invest in managing their portfolios, and like having someone with a strong track record doing it for them.”

Taken together, Woods says such offerings impact four things that would ultimately drive wellbeing for employees: health, financial wellness, job satisfaction and productivity. “The goal is to help design a benefits program that can maximize value of all these together,” he explains.

Woods adds, “We need to provide support tools, education and guidance to move needle in a direction with the greatest impact and return on investment.” 

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