SURVEY SAYS: ‘Gig’ Workers and Benefits

With an increase in workers taking on ‘gig’ jobs, the question is how to ensure they have the opportunity to save for retirement and are protected from high health benefit costs.

Last week, I asked NewsDash readers, “Do you know someone working a ‘gig’ job, and do they receive health and retirement benefits?

Nearly eight in 10 (77.8%) of respondents work in a plan sponsor role, while 16.7% are TPAs/recordkeepers/investment managers and 5.5% are advisers/consultants.

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More than two-thirds (68.4%) of responding readers reported that either they or someone they know had taken on a ‘gig’ job, but 31.6% indicated they didn’t know anyone with a ‘gig’ job. Among those who took ‘gig’ work or know someone who did, 31.2% said the person retired before taking on that job; 68.7% said the person didn’t.

According to 87.5% of respondents, the person with a ‘gig’ job does not get health or retirement benefits. However, 6.2% said the person gets retirement benefits, and another 6.2% said the person gets health benefits. No one reported that the person with a ‘gig’ job received both health and retirement benefits.

Among readers who chose to make verbatim comments, many noted that for ‘gig’ work to ‘work’ as far as health benefits, the person needs a fall back, such as a spouse with health insurance or still being young enough to be on their parents health insurance. A few said the trade-offs of ‘gig’ work, i.e. flexible schedule, less stress, made up for the lack of benefits. But many pointed out the difficulty of saving for retirement for ‘gig’ workers who are not already retired. Editor’s Choice goes to the reader who said: “I know lots of people with ‘gig’ jobs, most are post-retirement jobs. Although most are enjoying what they do, I hope to retire with enough funds to never need a ‘gig’ job!” 

A big thank you to all who responded to the survey!

Verbatim

I was always able to purchase health insurance in Massachusetts. The higher pay as a contractor offset the higher cost of the coverage. Contracting agencies routinely offer access to 401(k) plans, unmatched, of course. The challenges were long-term disability and long-term care. I picked up both of those when I converted from temp to perm with one employer. They are both portable, so I will continue with them as self-pay since I left that position and expect the remainder of my career will be in the gig economy.

The people I know to have taken 'gig' jobs usually have an additional support source: under age 26 and still on parents' insurance plans or married to a spouse with medical coverage. The main focus is usually on the health benefits, but I would imagine retirement to also tend to be dependent on an alternative source such as a spouse or lottery dreams.

They do the job for spending money and to keep their hand to keep up with the current regs.

Every worker needs benefits.

The downside to my husband's gig work (lower pay and no benefits) has also allowed more flexibility to help cover kids/dogs, a much happier spouse, and plenty of time to ponder what he'd like to do for his next career move. It's serving as a great paid sabbatical.

Just another way to pay less to those who do the real work.

I know lots of people with 'gig' jobs, most are post-retirement jobs. Although most are enjoying what they do, I hope to retire with enough funds to never need a 'gig' job!

The person I know took on a part time gig job because he wanted something to do in retirement. While he gets paid, he receives no benefits. He has also attained age 72.This works for him as it is just 5 or 10 hours a week as needed. I am more concerned that the younger individuals who have gig jobs are not thinking about how they will fund their retirement or pay for medical expenses or fulfill their obligations in the future. Lack of planning on their part should not become a tax expense for those of us who plan ahead.

Often, gig workers are stranded unless they have a spouse with traditional benefits. Even then, because of limits (and perhaps further restrictions due to ADP testing) it is virtually impossible to save enough for two people for retirement. IRS limits just won't do it! As for health coverage, there is no option to compare health benefits from two employers to select the best option (not to mention the potential surcharge for covering a spouse). It's deplorable.

This is the first I've heard of this term. Interesting to say the least. I think I might start working towards a gig job!

I know a jazz singer who works gigs. She doesn't get health or retirement benefits, but she works sweet hours and gets free drinks.

Some people are able to take gig jobs because a spouse is in a job that furnishes health insurance. This allows the gig job holder to negotiate higher wages since benefits are not provided. Works well for some, but does require discipline to save for retirement.

No, they don't get benefits, and no they don't (technically) have the security that comes with full-time employment. On the other hand, they don't have to take all the bullsh*t that comes with those benefits and full-time employment, either. Which, unfortunately for their retirement finances, likely means they will live even longer...

NOTE: Responses reflect the opinions of individual readers and not necessarily the stance of Strategic Insight or its affiliates.

Who’s Working for You?: ERIC

In a series of articles, PLANSPONSOR is profiling industry groups that work for retirement and health plan sponsors to protect them from onerous burdens and help them with plan design and administration. In this article we profile the ERISA Industry Committee (ERIC).

The ERISA Industry Committee (ERIC) was founded in 1976 to support the ability of large employers (at least 10,000 employees) to provide health, retirement and compensation benefits to workers and families across the country.

In 2015, ERIC expanded its mission to include state and local advocacy to address the aggressive actions of states and localities to regulate employee benefits, posing particular challenges to nationwide employers attempting to provide uniform benefits to employees across the country.

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Its mission statement is: “To advocate for federal and state public policies that support the ability of large employers to design, administer, comply with and fund health, retirement and compensation benefits.”

Annette Guarisco Fildes, president & CEO of ERIC in Washington, D.C., says the group has just under 100 members. Kelly Broadway, senior director of Communications, says, “Because ERIC represents only large plan sponsors, ERIC members benefit by our focus solely on the interests that matter to them.”

Guarisco Fildes says ERIC focuses on large issues, such as the tax implications on retirement plans, as well as smaller issues, such as making the default for retirement benefit disclosures electronic, not on paper, which is something retirement plan participants may not read. In addition, ERIC is fighting mandatory inclusion of retirement income projections on participant statements. 

NEXT: Plan Sponsor Interests

Will Hansen, senior VP of Retirement and Compensation Policy at ERIC, adds that, on a federal level, the biggest concern right now with legislation is about tax reform and whether it will affect retirement accounts. Will Congress use retirement accounts to compensate for other provisions of tax reform? This could impact participation and retirement savings.

On the regulatory front, for employers that still sponsor defined benefit (DB) plans, there are still issue areas where ERIC thinks the administration can assist plan sponsors—Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation (PBGC) premiums and nondiscrimination testing, for example.

There is also great concern on the state level too. According to Hansen, the creation of retirement plans by states is starting to impose burdens on employers already offering retirement plans. He explains that right now Oregon, which has started implementation of its plan, is imposing a reporting requirement for all employers that want to be exempt from the state mandate because they already offer a plan—they have to fill out an application to report to the state they are already offering a plan. ERIC has advocated to the states because it feels this is in violation of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA). “More states are rolling out rules for their plans, and we fear they are going to follow suit with what Oregon is doing,” Hansen says.

He also notes that there is a lot of activity on the state level for paid leave policies. “Mandates on paid leave or paid family leave, compliance and reporting requirements are what is making it difficult for members to comply.”

On the health care benefits front, James Gelfand, senior VP of Health Policy at ERIC, says the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) Cadillac tax is the No. 1 concern of employers. “Now that repeal and replace has petered out, we have lost that opportunity to get rid of the Cadillac tax and make health savings accounts (HSAs) and flexible spending accounts (FSAs) stronger,” he says. “In addition, tax reform could impact health plans, and employers need relief from ACA reporting.”

ERIC is also ERIC is also concerned with state laws being placed that will affect implementation of biosimilar substitutions and the use of telehealth.

NEXT: How ERIC Advocates

According to Guarisco Fildes, ERIC has a team of policy experts and a team of lawyers that have political experience to navigate through legislation and the regulatory environment as well as state policy initiatives. Other than meet with legislators and regulators, ERIC advocates for plan sponsors by comment letters to different regulatory agencies and Congress.

ERIC has sent a letter to the Senate about the tax treatment of retirement plans, comments to the Oregon State Treasury about its retirement plan and a comment letter to the Department of Labor (DOL) about its fiduciary rule, among other things.

According to Hansen, one initiative for which ERIC can claim victory concerned the Oregon state retirement plan. He says Oregon attempted to back-end emulate eligibility criteria employers could use; in other words, it was trying to force workers to automatically enroll in their own 401(k)s more quickly than ERISA required. ERIC sent a letter to Oregon and was able to successfully lobby against that. “If that rule would have gone through, it would have required sponsors that already offer plans to moderate on an individual basis whether employees were eligible for the state plan,” he says.

Hansen adds that ERIC is continuing to focus on state plans. While they support them, they don’t want them to impose any burdens on employers already offering retirement plans because those employers are already doing what was the intent of the Oregon law.

Gelfand says ERIC can also claim victory on the health care front. “ERIC is tip of spear when it came to the cap on the exclusion of employer sponsored health benefits.” He explains, “House Republicans last year signaled an interest in a cap on the taxation of health care benefits. Paul Ryan developed a blue print for a better way to cap the taxation on benefits. ERIC engaged in a multi-pronged comprehensive lobbying effort so Congress would better understand how health benefits work, how a tax cap to fund plans would hurt efforts. We had more than 55 business organizations sign on, which we think is unprecedented.” Gelfand says while there was a leaked draft of legislation that included the tax cap, no proposed bill included it. “So we won; we educated Congress.”

NEXT: Resources ERIC Provides

According to Guarisco Fildes, with a membership that is so focused, ERIC can provide them with personalized attention. “If they are doing a briefing with the C-suite, we can offer help with that,” she says. In addition, members can see a map on ERIC’s website, www.eric.org, about state policies that are being proposed or implemented. In addition, ERIC holds two meetings a year in D.C. for members only.

Broadway says lawmakers and regulators come speak to members about what laws and regulations have been proposed or implemented and how it affects them. Plan sponsors can network. ERIC doesn’t sell anything, and doesn’t have exhibitors or media attend.

“We treat all membership companies the same. We charge one fee regardless of industry or the amount they use us,” Guarisco Fildes adds.

Broadway adds that ERIC issues federal monthly and state monthly alerts, offering insight into proposed laws and regulations. It also offers members the opportunity to weigh in on comment letters, and will alert them about activities they can do on their own.

ERIC holds a monthly Washington update webinar, as well as a State of the States webinar about what’s going on in different states and what ERIC is doing. Both have a call for feedback for members to share their perspectives.

Broadway says there are also specific policy focus webinars, which update members on what ERIC is doing as well as ask for input. “All of our efforts are based on what members want,” she says.

Broadway concludes: “That means a greater return on their time and investment. Members use ERIC as their outside resource to understand the potential implication of laws and regulations on their benefit plans. It also means that ERIC is a true peer community.”

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