Fidelity Reports Record High Retirement Plan Balances

Participants in Fidelity retirement plans set new records for account balances and contribution rate increases during Q1 2015.

Fidelity’s first-quarter 2015 update shows retirement plan participant accounts earned marginal growth in the first three months of the year—just enough to set new record account balances.  

More than one million people increased savings rates within retirement plans and individual retirement accounts (IRAs) administered by Fidelity during the first quarter of 2015, the firm says.

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The average 401(k) balance grew to $91,800 at the close of the first quarter, meaning the average balance is up about 50 basis points from last quarter and up 3.6% from one year ago. Fidelity explains that 23% of U.S. employees contributing to retirement plans in the Fidelity system have increased their contribution rates since Q1 2014, also a record.  

“How much an individual contributes to their retirement savings is one of the most critical factors in retirement readiness,” notes Jim MacDonald, president of workplace investing at Fidelity Investments. “Contributions to retirement savings accounts have increased across the board, including IRAs, small business plans and traditional 401(k) accounts. We’re very encouraged by this trend and hope to see it continue, considering that any increase in savings can have a positive impact on long-term retirement success.”

The average overall savings rate, which includes both employee and employer contributions, increased to 12.5% during the quarter, Fidelity’s update shows. At the same time, the employee contribution rate remained essentially constant, up 10 basis points to 8.1%, while the employer contribution rate climbed to 4.4%.

Meghan Murphy, a director of thought leadership at Fidelity Investments, tells PLANSPONSOR that the slowly increasing prevalence of automatic enrollment—used by 27.9% of sponsors running plans that cover more than 60% of all participants—is partly responsible for preventing the average employee contribution rate from climbing at a time when many participants are in fact driving significantly more of their dollars into retirement accounts.

“Many new participants are being swept into the defined contribution system at rates that are somewhat lower than the current average employee contribution,” she explains, “This resulted in the average employee contribution staying flat during the first quarter of 2015, despite the fact that more than a million people decided to increase their contributions, with an average increase in the range of 3% or even higher among different demographic groups.”

In that sense the level employee contribution rate can be interpreted as a positive—it means more people are joining the DC retirement system, while those at the top end of the contribution scale continue to push the envelope. Murphy adds that the current state of affairs will also give the industry a great test of the efficacy of automatic deferral escalation provisions—she predicts those plans with auto-escalation (13% of the sample) will continue to outperform their peers that lack the key feature. 

Fidelity finds nearly one-third (27.9%) of all 401(k) plans now automatically enroll new workers as of Q1 2015, up 2% from one year ago. Still only about half as many employers (13%) automatically increase employees’ contribution rate each year.

Not surprisingly, the quarterly snapshot shows employees with 10 years or more of active tenure in a 401(k) plan have achieved greater balances—with an average account value of $251,600. This represents a 12% year-over-year gain, Fidelity says. Also favorable, the percentage of employees with an outstanding 401(k) loan dropped to 21.8%, the lowest level in five years.

Fidelity notes the average IRA balance at the end of Q1 was $94,100, a record high and up 5% over last quarter. While the average IRA contribution in Q1 was $3,150, a slight drop from the Q1 2014 average contribution of $3,270, Fidelity finds the overall percentage of investors making a contribution to their IRA in Q1 2015 was actually 7% higher than in Q1 2014, and among investors under age 35 the increase was 26% year-over-year.

For investors using both an IRA and a 401(k), the net balance increased 2.2% year-over-year to reach $267,200—while the average combined contribution increased slightly from $11,200 to $11,300.

For self-employed 401(k) accounts, the average balance at the end of 2014 was $144,100, Fidelity says, for a 39% increase since 2007. The average contribution was $22,400 at the end of 2014, a 29% increase since 2007. For SEP IRAs, the average balance at the end of 2014 was $89,800, a 48% increase since 2007. The average contribution for 2014 was $14,000, a 20% increase since 2007. For SIMPLE IRAs, the average balance at the end of 2014 was $37,700, a 54% increase since 2007. The average contribution for 2014 was $6,260, an 8% increase since 2007.

Analysis Reveals Changing Workforce Demographics

There are more and more college graduates every year, and every year that pool adds more female and minority members to the workforce.

That much makes sense. Interestingly, however, many Millennials (22- to 34-year-olds) find themselves holding the same jobs after graduation as they might have occupied right out of high school. More than half (51%) of the class of 2014 now hold jobs that do not require a college degree, such as bicycle repairers, hosts and hostesses, cooks and fast food workers, cashiers and even dishwashers.

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On the other hand, 8.3 million people joined the age 55 and older work force. This age group increased its share of employment in 99% of occupations, and at least 25% of 210 occupations are held by 55-plus workers. This is more than double the 86 professions that held as many older workers in 2001.

According to Matt Ferguson, CEO of CareerBuilder, “The implications of the aging work force boil down to a simple question: As workers retire will there be enough qualified candidates to fill the vacated jobs?”

Another interesting shift is in the gender and racial representation across the work force. Since 2001, the pool of college graduates has become more diverse, as higher percentages of female and minority students—especially Hispanic Americans—have attained advanced degrees. In 2013, 37% of all associate, bachelor’s and post-grad degree earners were non-white, up from 30% in 2004. Since 2001, Hispanic and Asian workers experienced employment gains in 96% and 90% of occupations, respectively.

Also in 2013, 59% of college graduates were women, bringing the balance of male (51%) and female (49%) workers closer together. However, women are gaining a greater share of just 21% of occupations, while men are moving into 72% of all jobs.

Women continue to move into female-dominated jobs, such as nursing and elementary education, while men move into male-dominated jobs. In 2001 and 2014, the percentage of jobs that were male-dominated increased slightly, from 49% to 52%, while the percentages of female-dominated and gender-balanced jobs both ticked down slightly to 24% each. On average, men also hold more higher-paying jobs than women, largely in STEM—science, technology, engineering and math—positions.

The report from CareerBuilder, “The Changing Face of U.S. Jobs,” examines population shifts in different segments of the work force. The analysis was based on data from Economic Modeling Specialists International (EMSI). The full report may be downloaded from here.

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