Gen X Amenable to In-Plan Guarantees

Gen Xers are in unique situations for which they need education and help to boost their retirement readiness. 

A new study from Allianz Life found that retirement plan participants—particularly Generation Xers—are increasingly interested in guaranteed retirement income options.

Born between 1965 and 1980, members of Generation X are between the ages of 40 and 55. Its older members are beginning to realize that retirement is fast approaching and that they might not be as prepared as they should be, Matt Gray, assistant vice president of worksite solutions at Allianz Life Insurance Co. of North America tells PLANADVISER.

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“They have also lived through at least two significant market crashes,” he says, referring to the dot-com crash of 2001 and the Great Recession of 2008. “The current volatility they have been seeing as a result of the coronavirus pandemic is also making them worried.”

Among all age groups, 71% of participants in retirement plans would like an option that offers guaranteed income for life. This jumps to 75% for Gen Xers, but declines to 67% for Millennials, who—having been born between 1981 and 1996 and ranging in age between 24 and 39—are further away from retirement.

Among all workers, 55% are worried that the money they have saved in their employer-sponsored retirement plan will run out, and, again, this figure rises for Gen Xers, to 69%. Among Millennials, 56% are worried the savings in their 401(k) or other workplace retirement plan will run out in their golden years, and this is true for only 45% of Baby Boomers.

Fifty-eight percent of workers would be receptive to having an annuity offered in their plan, and 68% would like a product to protect them against market downturns, the study found.

Gray says that given their proximity to retirement age, Gen Xers’ concerns do not surprise him, but he is rather stunned “to see such an intense focus on protection.” This wake-up call is, in a sense, a good thing for Generation X, as its members still have 15 to 30 years to continue to save, should they retire at age 70, Gray says. “Most of them are in their peak earning years, and there is still enough time for them to adequately prepare for retirement if they act.”

He adds that the Setting Every Community Up for Retirement Enhancement (SECURE) Act, which has implemented a safe harbor and allowed portability for annuities inside retirement plans, is a true gift from the government for Millennials, who are likely to be the first generation to be offered in-plan guaranteed options. “They are lucky to be inheriting a much better tool set,” Gray says. “You are going to see a lot of innovation coming. These are two good things in their favor that can help them overcome this worry.”

He adds that he expects future surveys Allianz conducts in the next 10 to 15 years to show Millennials sharing the same concerns as Gen Xers.

Thérèse Wolfe, a tax principal with UHY Advisors, says that besides seeing retirement on the horizon, many Gen Xers are taking care of both aging parents and children, making them the newest “sandwich generation.” Gen Xers are also the first generation to have valid concerns about Social Security funds not being there for them in retirement, Wolfe says.

She reports that many of her older Gen X and Baby Boomer clients are “reinventing themselves” by taking on second careers to remain longer in the workforce to make up for savings shortfalls.

Aadil Zaman, a partner at Wall Street Alliance Group, which serves high-net-worth clients, says he encourages his Generation X clients to save as much as they possibly can in their retirement plan. “In our experience, more often than not, they are not saving enough, especially those in their 50s,” Zaman says. “Even the high-net-worth people earning a lot don’t have much to show for it because they haven’t been conscientious.”

Zaman says he is not a proponent of insurance products because of their costs and the current low-interest rate environment. Rather, he encourages his clients to have a well-diversified portfolio of equities and bonds, 50/50, held in mutual funds and exchange-traded funds (ETFs). “The likelihood of the market being higher 10 years from now is almost 100%,” Zaman says.

He also is a proponent of gold as an investment, as well as whole life insurance. He advocates that those closer to retirement increase their bond holdings so that they are “less susceptible to market declines.”

Zaman says that, overall, Generation X needs much more education about the importance of having a diversified portfolio and saving enough to put themselves in a solid position at retirement.

Gray concludes that he hopes “great plan advisers and consultants will help plan sponsors and participants understand in-plan guarantee solutions and how they can improve outcomes. It is a great time for advisers to learn more about these solutions. They will enhance the value they bring to sponsors and participants alike.” As well, Gray continues, “there is an onus on insurance companies providing these guarantees to make them simple for advisers, sponsors and participants to understand and use.”

The Growing Importance of Equity Compensation

Younger workers appear to be much more comfortable than their older peers when it comes to negotiating for access to equity-based compensation.

Charles Schwab has published its “2020 Equity Compensation Participant Survey,” which is the latest update in an annual series of reports that track the behaviors of equity compensation plan participants.

Naturally, many of the questions in this year’s survey were focused on the coronavirus pandemic, and, unsurprisingly, the pandemic has driven many people to make decisions about exercising or selling equity compensation.

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The Charles Schwab analysis finds 43% of survey respondents have exercised or sold equity compensation at some point in their careers—very many of them recently. In fact, out of this group, two-thirds (67%) say the COVID-19-related market volatility and economic downturn directly influenced their decision.

Discussing the survey findings with PLANSPONSOR, Amy Reback, vice president of Schwab Stock Plan Services, says there are some dramatic trends tied to respondents’ ages. Far and away, she explains, Millennials are more likely than other generations to have exercised or sold equity compensation due to the pandemic and related financial stress. Among those who have exercised or sold equity compensation holdings, 95% of Millennials say the pandemic influenced their decision, compared with 44% of older generations.

“Without question, 2020 has introduced an unprecedented level of uncertainty, forcing participant investors to reprioritize their long- and short-term financial needs,” Reback says. “For many, reprioritizing those needs is a practical response to an unexpected event such as a furlough, reduced income or unexpected medical expenses. These are difficult, confusing decisions within what are arguably the most challenging circumstances in our living history.”

The survey data suggests a slight majority of participants are planning to use their equity compensation for retirement (51%), but there was also a slight uptick overall this year in those turning to their equity compensation to help meet immediate financial needs, such as paying off debt (9%, up from 5% in 2019) and short-term emergencies (7%, up from 5% in 2019).

“Millennials have experienced a more pronounced impact compared to other generations and may be in more need of help in developing a financial plan,” Reback says.

Reback says another striking trend seen in the data is that equity compensation plays an increasingly important role in the employer-employee relationship. More than three-quarters of respondents (77%) say equity compensation is a very attractive benefit, and an increasing number consider it to be the main reason or one of the main reasons they took their current job (37%, up from 28% in 2019). Of note, Millennial respondents are the generation that’s most likely to identify equity compensation as the main reason or one of the main reasons they chose their current employer (53%).

“Offering equity compensation automatically gives employees a stake in the future success of the company and helps employers to attract and retain the best talent,” Reback says.

Reflecting on this dynamic, she argues employers that offer equity compensation beyond the C-suite as part of their overall employee value proposition can significantly differentiate themselves from those who only offer health and retirement benefits.

“It’s going to be very interesting to see how the competition for talent impacts employers’ decisions about making equity compensation available to more people than was traditionally the case,” Reback says. “Right now, technology companies are leading the way on this, and this is part of the reason why they are winning the battle for the best talent. I expect other types of employers will start to embrace the provision of equity to attract and retain talent.”

The Schwab data suggests younger workers are increasingly comfortable negotiating for better access to equity-based compensation.

“The percentage of people who say they are comfortable negotiating for equity compensation jumped 8% year-over-year, reaching 77% in the 2020 survey,” Reback observes. “It is a very generational dynamic, I think. When I came into the workforce, it took a long time to even get comfortable talking about salary or bonuses. So, being confident in your ability to ask for equity compensation on top of these things, that is a real and positive generational change.”

The average vested value of participants’ equity compensation is $75,483, which is down from $97,711 last year, while the average total value of equity compensation is $130,018, which is down from $149,835 last year. Year-over-year declines in value are potentially the result of lower share price valuations for individual organizations and of participants exercising/selling their equity compensation.

“Equity compensation often represents a substantial amount of an individual’s wealth and the stakes are very high,” Reback said, pointing to the importance of data that shows there is widespread demand for education and advice about equity compensation. “Participant investors are more engaged with their finances than ever before due to the pandemic, and it’s our mission to provide the guidance and resources they need to achieve their goals, despite this crisis.”

The new Charles Schwab report was published the same week that Fidelity Investments circulated its own employee stock purchase plan (ESPP) analysis. Echoing many of the Charles Schwab findings about the growing importance of equity compensation to a broader base of workers, Fidelity’s research demonstrates that when employees have access to both equity compensation and a traditional 401(k) plan, in an integrated environment, combined participation is associated with better retirement savings behaviors and greater overall financial wellness.

Fidelity’s data shows that employees in both plans contribute an average of 12.5% and 6.3% of their salary in their 401(k) and ESPP, respectively, while employees who only participate in their 401(k) contribute an average of 8.8% of their salary.

Notably, the higher contribution rate for employees in both plans is consistent across all income levels, not just among executives or highly paid staff. For example, Fidelity’s data shows, employees with annual salaries between $25,000 and $50,000 who participate in both plans contribute an average of 8.3% and 4.7% to their 401(k) and ESPP, respectively, compared with a 7.4% contribution rate for employees that only participate in their 401(k).

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