O’Reilly Automotive Latest to Face ERISA Challenge

The national auto parts distributor faces allegations that it failed to prudently and loyally operate its defined contribution retirement plan.

A new Employee Retirement Income Security Act fiduciary breach lawsuit has been filed in the U.S. District Court for the Western District of Missouri, naming as defendants the O’Reilly Automotive company, its board of directors and the committee tasked with operating the firm’s 401(k) plan.

The arguments made by the plaintiffs closely resemble those of the many others that have filed ERISA suits in recent years, at least partly due to the fact that the plaintiffs in this case are represented by the increasingly active law firm Capozzi Adler. In fact, the firm has represented clients who sued another national automotive company, Magna International of America, making more or less the same excessive fee arguments advanced in the new case.

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According to the new complaint, the O’Reilly plan’s assets under management, which are reported in the range of $1.1 to $1.2 billion, qualify it as a large plan in the defined contribution plan marketplace, and among the largest plans in the United States. As a large plan, the complaint states, it had substantial bargaining power regarding the fees and expenses that were charged against participants’ investments.

“Defendants, however, did not try to reduce the plan’s expenses or exercise appropriate judgment to scrutinize each investment option that was offered in the plan to ensure it was prudent,” the complaint states.

Nearly identical language has been used in numerous prior ERISA fiduciary breach lawsuits. The claims have met with varying degrees of success across the federal court system, based mainly on the degree to which a given complaint establishes that an imprudent fiduciary management process was potentially in place. In other words, it is not enough for a potential class of plaintiffs to merely point out that its plan has relatively expensive investments or administrative fees relative to its peers. (See Davis v. Salesforce and Kurtz v. Vail Corp.)

“Defendants did not adhere to fiduciary best practices to control plan costs when looking at certain aspects of the plan’s administration such as monitoring investment management fees for the plan’s investments, resulting in several funds during the class period being more expensive than comparable funds found in similarly sized plans,” the complaint states. “Yet another indication that the plan was poorly run and lacked a prudent process for selecting and monitoring the plan’s investments is that, as of 2020, it had a total plan cost of more than .60%, or, in other words, more than 172% higher than the average.”

One new feature in the O’Reilly complaint is the citation of the recent Supreme Court decision in Hughes v. Northwestern University, which concluded that a retirement plan fiduciary cannot simply put a large number of investments on its menu, some of which may or may not be prudent, and assume that the large set of choices insulates the plan sponsor from the duty to monitor and remove bad investments. In other words, having a large investment menu does not itself protect a plan sponsor who permits an overly costly or otherwise imprudent investment to persist, and sponsors cannot hide behind the fact that participants ultimately choose in which funds to invest their money.

The O’Reilly Automotive company has not yet responded to a request for comment about the allegations. The full text of the complaint is available here.

Pension Plans Saw High Discount Rates in April

While overall investment returns were lower, rising discount rates led to overall lower liabilities

Funding ratios continued to increase for corporate pension plans last month. Milliman’s analysis of the 100 largest U.S. corporate pension plans revealed that the average funded ratio was 106.7% as of April 30. This is a 3.5 percentage point increase from the average funded ratio of 103.2% reported on March 30. April’s funded status surplus was valued at approximately $99 billion.

“Despite the value of assets dropping by over 4% for the month, rising interest rates continue to propel pension funding higher,” says Zorast Wadia, co-author of the Pension Funding Index forecast. “The last time the funding surplus was this close to $100 billion was in 2007, prior to the Great Recession.”

Discount rates increased by 78 basis points to reach an average of 4.3% in April. For comparison, the average discount rate was 3.62% in March. This is the largest value for the monthly discount rate in nearly four years.

Nevertheless, the Milliman pensions still saw their investment returns lose 4.66% after a difficult month for the equities market.

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Brian Donohue, a partner at October Three Consulting in Chicago, notes that although stock markets tumbled in April, sharply higher interest rates offset most or all of the impact for pension sponsors. The model plans October Three tracks saw mixed experience for the month. Plan A held steady, remaining up almost 5% for the year, while the more conservative Plan B lost 1% last month and is now even through the first four months of the year. Plan A is a traditional plan (duration 12 at 5.5%) with a 60/40 asset allocation, while Plan B is a largely retired plan (duration 9 at 5.5%) with a 20/80 allocation with a greater emphasis on corporate and long- duration bonds.

Wilshire Associates reported a more modest increase in funding ratios among the corporate pension funds it tracks. The average funded rate for plans surveyed by Wilshire was 97.4%, up 0.3 percentage points from the previous month’s 97.1% average funded ratio.

Wilshire also reported a 7.7% decline in asset values, which was mostly offset by a 7.9% decrease in liability values.

“Despite this month’s asset decrease, the larger decrease in liability value resulted in April’s estimated month-end funded ratio remaining at its highest level since year-end 2007, which was estimated at 107.8%, before the Great Financial Crisis,” states Ned McGuire, the managing director at Wilshire.

Wilshire also reported an increase in discount rates of 60 basis points, which is the largest monthly increase that the firm has ever seen.

However, the trend of improved funded status was less clear when looking at year-to-date numbers. S&P 500 companies with pension funds actually saw the aggregate funded ratio for these plans decrease to 95% from the 95.5% reported at the start of the year, according to data from Aon. Liability decreases since January 1 were about $310 billion and asset decreases were approximately $305 billion.

S&P 500 pension funds’ returns also dropped significantly in April, with a -6.7% return reported by Aon.

River & Mercantile reported a dramatic increase of 0.67% in discount rates last month. This was one of the biggest single-month swings since 1995. Only four other months in the history of R&M’s data have had larger swings.

Michael Clark, managing director and consulting actuary at R&M, says that supply chain issues from the lockdowns in China, combined with high inflation and the war in Ukraine, will continue to make the upcoming months very volatile for institutional investors and plan sponsors.

“The only bright spot for pension plan sponsors is that rising discount rates and correspondingly lower liabilities have—so far—more than offset falling asset values, leaving many plans in better funded status positions than where they started the year. The big question now is whether that will continue the rest of the year,” states Clark.

Other asset managers also reported increased funding ratios; for example, Legal & General Investment Management reported a 97.2% average this month compared to last month’s 96.3%.

Legal & General also reported differences between plans with a traditional 60/40 asset allocation and the average plan. Those with 60/40 allocations reported a liability decrease of 6.3%, while the average plan saw its liabilities decrease by a more significant 7.1%.

Similarly, investment consultant NEPC reported that investment strategy made a difference when it came to overall funded status and liabilities. The consultant reported that total-return allocated corporate plans beat out liability-driven investing plans in April when it came to funded status. LDI plans saw their funded statuses fall by an average of 1.3%, while total-return plans saw their funded ratios go up by an average of 4.5%. 

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