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Benefits June 14, 2013
What’s Stopping ETF Growth in 401(k)s?
June 14, 2013 (PLANSPONSOR.com) - Significant hurdles stand in the way
of wider adoption of exchange-traded funds (ETFs) in 401(k) plans, according to
research from Cerulli Associates.
Reported by PLANSPONSOR staff
As of 2012, total ETF assets stood at $1.3 trillion, growing 27.3% for the year and boasting an astounding 10-year compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 29.3%. For comparison, open-end mutual fund assets grew 15.8% in 2012 with a 10-year CAGR of 9.6%.
It is premature to declare that ETFs are challenging the dominance of mutual funds, the report said. Open-end mutual fund assets stood at $9 trillion at year-end 2012. ETFs are competition for mutual funds and active managers, but there is still significant ground between these two products.
ETFs have yet to gain traction in some distribution channels, most notably defined contribution (DC) plans, which could eventually drive growth even further. Though ETFs continue to grow at astounding rates and penetrate the market, their failure to gain traction in 401(k) plans is the prime example of a future opportunity to accelerate growth even further, Cerulli said. If ETFs are ever going to reach the asset levels of mutual funds, cracking this market will be essential. One roadblock is technological, the report said, though progress is being made.
Beyond the administrative hurdles, the advantages of offering ETFs in 401(k)s remain an unanswered question. Tax efficiency is an often-cited feature of ETFs. Within qualified retirement plans, tax efficiency is not a consideration. However, the ETF industry has matured through new products that provide exposure to indices using other weightings as well as exposure to sectors that are not available in mutual funds.
In the same way that pressure from plan sponsors for open architecture has expanded opportunities for non-recordkeeping managers, requests for access to these products will likely be the key for ETFs to proliferate in this space. As of 2011, only $6 billion or 0.2% of 401(k) assets was in ETFs, compared with $1.6 trillion in mutual funds. ETFs ranked behind all other investment vehicles.
“Exchange-Traded Fund Markets 2013”is an annual report on distribution and development trends in the ETF market, including active ETFs, institutional distribution, marketing and staffing, and the quickly growing ETF strategist space. Other topics covered are active ETFs; product diversification; ETF strategists; and the challenges and risks of adviser and consumer adoption.
The report is available for purchase on Cerulli’s website.
—Jill Cornfield
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